Farrell C. Shiver is 
				a member of ASTM International Committee E30 on Forensic 
				Sciences and Subcommittee E30.02 on Questioned Documents.  
				ASTM International, formerly known as the American Society for 
				Testing and Materials, is 
				one of the world's largest organizations dedicated to the 
				development of voluntary consensus standards.  
				 
				The need for 
				professional standards was made clear in the U.S. Supreme 
				Court's decision in Daubert v. Merrill Dow Pharmaceuticals,
				509 U.S. 579, 1993, which discussed criteria for the 
				admissibility of expert testimony.  These criteria, which 
				are considered by the judge in federal and many state trials, 
				include "... the existence and maintenance of standards 
				controlling the technique's operation."  
				 
				ASTM was chosen as 
				the vehicle to refine and publish professional standards 
				developed by the Scientific Working Group for Forensic Document 
				Examination (SWGDOC).
				 
				Current E30.02 
				standards include:
				
					- 
					
E444 - Standard 
					Descriptions of Scope of Work Relating to Forensic Document 
					Examiners
 
					- 
					
E1422 - Standard 
					Guide for Test Methods for Forensic Writing Ink Comparison
					
 
					- 
					
E1658 - Standard 
					Terminology for Expressing Conclusions of Forensic Document 
					Examiners
 
					- 
					
E1789 - Standard 
					Guide for Writing Ink Identification
 
					- 
					
E2195 - Standard 
					Terminology Relating to the Examination of Questioned 
					Documents
 
					- 
					
2285 Standard 
					Guide for Examination of Mechanical Checkwriter Impressions
					 
					- 
					
E2286 Standard 
					Guide for Examination of Dry Seal Impressions
 
					- 
					
E2287 Standard 
					Guide for Examination of Fracture Patterns and Paper Fiber 
					Impressions on Single-Strike Film Ribbons and Typed Text
					 
					- 
					
E2288 Standard 
					Guide for Physical Match of Paper Cuts, Tears, and 
					Perforations in Forensic Document Examinations
 
					- 
					
E2289 Standard 
					Guide for Examination of Rubber Stamp Impressions
 
					- 
					
E2290 Standard 
					Guide for Examination of Handwritten Items
 
					- 
					
E2291 Standard 
					Guide for Indentation Examinations
 
					- 
					
E2325 Standard 
					Guide for Non-destructive Examination of Paper
 
					- 
					
E2331 Standard 
					Guide for Examination of Altered Documents
 
					- 
					
E2388 Standard 
					Guide for Minimum Training Requirement for Forensic Document 
					Examiners
 
					- 
					
E2389 Standard 
					Guide for Examination of Documents Produced with Liquid Ink 
					Jet Technology
 
					- 
					
E2390 Standard 
					Guide for Examination of Documents Produced with Toner 
					Technology
 
					- 
					
E2494 Standard 
					Guide for Examination of Typewritten Items
 
				
				Other standards 
				related to forensic document examiners are currently in 
				development.